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\u00c7ocuklarda Di\u015f Travmalar\u0131 Sonras\u0131 Uygulanan Tedaviler<\/p>\r\n\r\n
\u00a0<\/p>\r\n\r\n
\u00c7ocukluk d\u00f6neminde meydana gelen di\u015f travmalar\u0131; d\u00fc\u015fme, \u00e7arpma, oyun ve spor aktiviteleri s\u0131ras\u0131nda s\u0131kl\u0131kla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lan durumlard\u0131r. Bu travmalar sonucunda di\u015flerde k\u0131r\u0131klar, sallanmalar, yer de\u011fi\u015ftirmeler veya di\u015fin tamamen yerinden \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 gibi farkl\u0131 yaralanmalar meydana gelebilir. \u00d6nceki yaz\u0131m\u0131zda di\u015f travmalar\u0131 sonras\u0131nda ailelerin yapmas\u0131 gereken ilk m\u00fcdahalelerden bahsetmi\u015ftik. Peki, travma sonras\u0131nda di\u015f hekimine ba\u015fvuruldu\u011funda hangi tedaviler uygulan\u0131r?<\/p>\r\n\r\n
Di\u015f travmalar\u0131nda uygulanacak tedavi; \u00e7ocu\u011fun ya\u015f\u0131na, yaralanman\u0131n t\u00fcr\u00fcne, travmadan etkilenen di\u015fin s\u00fct di\u015fi veya\u00a0daimi\u00a0di\u015f olmas\u0131na ve \u00e7evre dokular\u0131n durumuna g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fiklik g\u00f6stermektedir. \u00d6zellikle \u00e7ocuklarda di\u015flerin ve \u00e7ene kemiklerinin geli\u015fiminin devam etmesi, tedavi planlamas\u0131nda dikkat edilmesi gereken \u00f6nemli bir fakt\u00f6rd\u00fcr.<\/p>\r\n\r\n
Di\u015f K\u0131r\u0131klar\u0131nda Uygulanan Tedaviler<\/p>\r\n\r\n
Di\u015f travmalar\u0131n\u0131n en s\u0131k kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lan sonu\u00e7lar\u0131ndan biri di\u015f k\u0131r\u0131klar\u0131d\u0131r. K\u0131r\u0131\u011f\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve di\u015fin hangi dokular\u0131n\u0131 etkiledi\u011fi, uygulanacak tedavinin belirlenmesinde \u00f6nemli rol oynar.<\/p>\r\n\r\n
Yaln\u0131zca di\u015f minesini etkileyen k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck k\u0131r\u0131klarda, keskin kenarlar\u0131n d\u00fczeltilmesi veya estetik dolgu materyalleriyle di\u015fin eski g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcne kavu\u015fturulmas\u0131 yeterli olabilir. Daha geni\u015f k\u0131r\u0131klarda ise di\u015fin\u00a0dentin\u00a0tabakas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kabilir. Bu durumda di\u015fin hassasiyetini azaltmak ve canl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 korumak amac\u0131yla a\u00e7\u0131kta kalan dokular uygun restoratif materyallerle \u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/p>\r\n\r\n
K\u0131r\u0131\u011f\u0131n di\u015fin sinir ve damar dokusunu i\u00e7eren pulpa tabakas\u0131na kadar ilerledi\u011fi durumlarda ise daha kapsaml\u0131 tedavilere ihtiya\u00e7 duyulabilir. \u00d6zellikle k\u00f6k geli\u015fimi hen\u00fcz tamamlanmam\u0131\u015f gen\u00e7\u00a0daimi\u00a0di\u015flerde, pulpan\u0131n canl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 korumak b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131r. Bu ama\u00e7la uygun vakalarda\u00a0di\u015f geli\u015fiminin devam etmesini sa\u011flayan ve di\u015fin canl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan \u00f6zel tedaviler yap\u0131labilir.<\/p>\r\n\r\n
Sallanan veya Yer De\u011fi\u015ftiren Di\u015flerin Tedavisi<\/p>\r\n\r\n
Di\u015f travmalar\u0131 sonucunda di\u015fin \u00e7evresindeki destek dokular zarar g\u00f6rebilir. Bu durum di\u015fte sallanma, hassasiyet veya normal konumundan farkl\u0131 bir pozisyona ge\u00e7me \u015feklinde kendini g\u00f6sterebilir.<\/p>\r\n\r\n
Hafif yaralanmalarda di\u015fin konumunda herhangi bir de\u011fi\u015fiklik bulunmuyorsa ve sallanma s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131ysa d\u00fczenli takip yeterli olabilir. Ancak di\u015fin belirgin \u015fekilde yer de\u011fi\u015ftirdi\u011fi veya a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 hareketli oldu\u011fu durumlarda farkl\u0131 tedavi yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 gerekebilir.<\/p>\r\n\r\n
\u00a0<\/p>\r\n\r\n
Daimi\u00a0di\u015flerde, gerekli g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde di\u015f uygun konumuna yerle\u015ftirilerek kom\u015fu di\u015flere esnek bir splint yard\u0131m\u0131yla sabitlenebilir. Splint uygulamas\u0131, iyile\u015fme s\u00fcrecinde di\u015fin destek dokular\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur. Splintin a\u011f\u0131zda kalma s\u00fcresi yaralanman\u0131n t\u00fcr\u00fcne g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fiklik g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\r\n\r\n
S\u00fct di\u015flerinde ise tedavi planlamas\u0131 farkl\u0131d\u0131r. S\u00fct di\u015flerinin k\u00f6kleri, geli\u015fmekte olan\u00a0daimidi\u015flerin yak\u0131n\u0131nda bulundu\u011fundan uygulanacak tedavilerde alttaki\u00a0daimi\u00a0di\u015f germinin korunmas\u0131 \u00f6nceliklidir. Bu nedenle s\u00fct di\u015flerinde baz\u0131 yaralanmalar yaln\u0131zca takip edilirken, ciddi yer de\u011fi\u015ftirme veya enfeksiyon riski bulunan durumlarda di\u015fin \u00e7ekilmesi gerekebilir.<\/p>\r\n\r\n
Di\u015fin Tamamen Yerinden \u00c7\u0131kmas\u0131 Durumunda Tedavi<\/p>\r\n\r\n
Travma sonucunda di\u015fin tamamen yuvas\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131, di\u015f hekimli\u011finde acil m\u00fcdahale gerektiren yaralanmalardan biridir. Bu durum\u00a0av\u00fclsiyon\u00a0olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\r\n\r\n
Yerinden \u00e7\u0131kan di\u015fin s\u00fct di\u015fi mi yoksa\u00a0daimi\u00a0di\u015f mi oldu\u011fu, tedavi yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 tamamen de\u011fi\u015ftirir.<\/p>\r\n\r\n
S\u00fct di\u015fleri, alttan geli\u015fen\u00a0daimi\u00a0di\u015f germinin zarar g\u00f6rme riski nedeniyle yeniden yerine yerle\u015ftirilmemelidir.<\/p>\r\n\r\n
Daimi\u00a0di\u015flerde ise uygun ko\u015fullarda di\u015fin m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olan en k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede yuvas\u0131na yerle\u015ftirilmesi, di\u015fin a\u011f\u0131zda korunabilmesi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131r. Di\u015fin yeniden yerle\u015ftirilmesinin ard\u0131ndan splint uygulamas\u0131 yap\u0131labilir ve k\u00f6k geli\u015fimi ile pulpan\u0131n durumuna g\u00f6re ek tedaviler planlanabilir.<\/p>\r\n\r\n
Bu nedenle travma sonras\u0131nda di\u015fin tamamen yerinden \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 durumlarda vakit kaybetmeden di\u015f hekimine ba\u015fvurulmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\r\n\r\n
Travma Sonras\u0131nda Kanal Tedavisi Gerekir mi?<\/p>\r\n\r\n
Her di\u015f travmas\u0131 kanal tedavisi gerektirmez. Ancak baz\u0131 yaralanmalarda di\u015fin i\u00e7erisindeki pulpa dokusu zarar g\u00f6rebilir ve zaman i\u00e7erisinde canl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kaybedebilir.<\/p>\r\n\r\n
\u00d6zellikle \u015fiddetli yer de\u011fi\u015ftirme yaralanmalar\u0131, di\u015fin tamamen yerinden \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 veya pulpay\u0131 etkileyen k\u0131r\u0131klar sonras\u0131nda pulpa dokusunun durumu dikkatle de\u011ferlendirilmelidir.<\/p>\r\n\r\n
Pulpan\u0131n canl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kaybetti\u011fi ve enfeksiyon geli\u015fti\u011fi durumlarda kanal tedavisi gerekebilir. K\u00f6k geli\u015fimi tamamlanmam\u0131\u015f gen\u00e7\u00a0daimi\u00a0di\u015flerde ise di\u015fin geli\u015fim durumuna uygun \u00f6zel endodontik tedavi y\u00f6ntemleri tercih edilebilir.<\/p>\r\n\r\n
Travma Sonras\u0131 Kontroller Neden \u00d6nemlidir?<\/p>\r\n\r\n
Di\u015f travmalar\u0131nda tedavi yaln\u0131zca ilk m\u00fcdahaleyle tamamlanmaz. Travma ge\u00e7iren bir di\u015f, ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnse bile ilerleyen haftalarda veya aylarda baz\u0131 komplikasyonlar geli\u015febilir.<\/p>\r\n\r\n
Di\u015fte renk de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi, pulpa canl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kayb\u0131, k\u00f6k rezorpsiyonu veya \u00e7evre dokularda enfeksiyon gibi durumlar travma sonras\u0131nda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilecek komplikasyonlar aras\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/p>\r\n\r\n
Bu nedenle travma ge\u00e7iren di\u015flerin belirli aral\u0131klarla klinik ve radyografik olarak de\u011ferlendirilmesi \u00f6nemlidir. Kontrol aral\u0131klar\u0131 yaralanman\u0131n t\u00fcr\u00fcne ve \u015fiddetine g\u00f6re di\u015f hekimi taraf\u0131ndan belirlenir.<\/p>\r\n\r\n
Ailelerin de takip s\u00fcrecinde di\u015fte renk de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi, a\u011fr\u0131, \u015fi\u015flik veya di\u015f etinde sivilce benzeri bir olu\u015fum fark etmeleri durumunda di\u015f hekimine ba\u015fvurmalar\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\r\n\r\n
\u00a0<\/p>\r\n\r\n
Sonu\u00e7<\/p>\r\n\r\n
\u00c7ocuklarda meydana gelen di\u015f travmalar\u0131nda erken m\u00fcdahale, do\u011fru tedavi planlamas\u0131 ve d\u00fczenli takip, di\u015flerin uzun d\u00f6nem sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131nda \u00f6nemli rol oynar. Her travman\u0131n ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde tedavi edilmedi\u011fi ve s\u00fct di\u015fleri ile\u00a0daimi\u00a0di\u015flerde farkl\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131 unutulmamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\r\n\r\n
Travma sonras\u0131nda \u00e7ocu\u011fun herhangi bir a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n bulunmamas\u0131, di\u015fin zarar g\u00f6rmedi\u011fi anlam\u0131na gelmez. Bu nedenle di\u015flerde k\u0131r\u0131k, sallanma veya yer de\u011fi\u015ftirme gibi bir durum meydana geldi\u011finde en k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede bir \u00e7ocuk di\u015f hekimine ba\u015fvurulmas\u0131 \u00f6nerilir.<\/p>\r\n\r\n
Unutmay\u0131n, zaman\u0131nda yap\u0131lan do\u011fru m\u00fcdahale ve d\u00fczenli kontroller, \u00e7ocu\u011funuzun g\u00fcl\u00fcmsemesini koruman\u0131n en \u00f6nemli ad\u0131mlar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\r\n","2":"
Treatments for Dental Trauma in Children<\/h1>\r\n\r\n
Dental trauma during childhood is a common occurrence, often resulting from falls, collisions, play, and sports activities. Such injuries can lead to various conditions, including tooth fractures, loosened teeth, displacement, or complete tooth avulsion. In our previous article, we discussed the first aid measures families should take following dental trauma. But what treatments are performed when a child visits the dentist after an injury?<\/p>\r\n\r\n
The treatment of dental trauma varies depending on the child's age, the type of injury, whether the affected tooth is a primary or permanent tooth, and the condition of the surrounding tissues. The ongoing development of teeth and jawbones in children is particularly important and must be considered when planning treatment.<\/p>\r\n\r\n
Treatments for Tooth Fractures<\/h3>\r\n\r\n
One of the most common consequences of dental trauma is tooth fracture. The extent of the fracture and the tooth tissues affected play an important role in determining the appropriate treatment.<\/p>\r\n\r\n
For minor fractures affecting only the enamel, smoothing sharp edges or restoring the tooth's original appearance with aesthetic filling materials may be sufficient. In more extensive fractures, the dentin layer may become exposed. In such cases, the exposed tissues are covered with suitable restorative materials to reduce sensitivity and preserve tooth vitality.<\/p>\r\n\r\n
More comprehensive treatment may be required when the fracture extends into the pulp, which contains the nerves and blood vessels of the tooth. Preserving pulp vitality is particularly important in young permanent teeth whose root development is not yet complete. For this purpose, special treatments that allow continued tooth development while maintaining vitality may be performed in suitable cases.<\/p>\r\n\r\n
Treatment of Loose or Displaced Teeth<\/h3>\r\n\r\n
Dental trauma can damage the supporting tissues surrounding a tooth. This may result in tooth mobility, sensitivity, or displacement from its normal position.<\/p>\r\n\r\n
In mild injuries, regular monitoring may be sufficient if the tooth has not changed position and mobility is limited. However, different treatment approaches may be necessary when a tooth is significantly displaced or excessively mobile.<\/p>\r\n\r\n
In permanent teeth, when necessary, the tooth can be repositioned and stabilized by attaching it to adjacent teeth using a flexible splint. Splinting helps protect the supporting tissues during the healing process. The duration of splint placement depends on the type of injury.<\/p>\r\n\r\n
Treatment planning differs for primary teeth. Since the roots of primary teeth are located close to the developing permanent tooth germs, protecting the underlying permanent tooth germ is the priority. Therefore, some injuries to primary teeth may only require monitoring, while extraction may be necessary in cases involving severe displacement or a risk of infection.<\/p>\r\n\r\n
Treatment When a Tooth Is Completely Knocked Out<\/h3>\r\n\r\n
Complete displacement of a tooth from its socket as a result of trauma is one of the dental injuries requiring emergency intervention. This condition is called avulsion.<\/p>\r\n\r\n
Whether the displaced tooth is a primary or permanent tooth completely changes the treatment approach.<\/p>\r\n\r\n
Primary teeth should not be replanted because of the risk of damaging the developing permanent tooth germ underneath.<\/p>\r\n\r\n
For permanent teeth, however, repositioning the tooth into its socket as soon as possible under appropriate conditions is extremely important for preserving it in the mouth. Following replantation, splinting may be performed, and additional treatments may be planned according to root development and pulp condition.<\/p>\r\n\r\n
Therefore, when a tooth is completely knocked out following trauma, it is essential to seek dental care without delay.<\/p>\r\n\r\n
Is Root Canal Treatment Necessary After Dental Trauma?<\/h3>\r\n\r\n
Not every dental injury requires root canal treatment. However, in some cases, the pulp tissue inside the tooth may become damaged and gradually lose its vitality.<\/p>\r\n\r\n
The condition of the pulp should be carefully evaluated, particularly following severe displacement injuries, complete tooth avulsion, or fractures involving the pulp.<\/p>\r\n\r\n
Root canal treatment may be necessary when the pulp loses its vitality and an infection develops. In young permanent teeth with incomplete root development, special endodontic treatment methods appropriate to the stage of tooth development may be preferred.<\/p>\r\n\r\n
Why Are Follow-Up Examinations Important After Trauma?<\/h3>\r\n\r\n
Treatment of dental trauma does not end with the initial intervention. Even if an injured tooth initially appears healthy, certain complications may develop over the following weeks or months.<\/p>\r\n\r\n
These complications may include tooth discoloration, loss of pulp vitality, root resorption, or infection in the surrounding tissues.<\/p>\r\n\r\n
For this reason, injured teeth should be evaluated clinically and radiographically at regular intervals. Follow-up schedules are determined by the dentist according to the type and severity of the injury.<\/p>\r\n\r\n
Families should also consult a dentist if they notice discoloration, pain, swelling, or a pimple-like formation on the gums during the follow-up period.<\/p>\r\n\r\n
Conclusion<\/h3>\r\n\r\n
Early intervention, appropriate treatment planning, and regular follow-up play an important role in preserving long-term dental health following dental trauma in children. It is important to remember that not all injuries are treated in the same way and that different approaches are required for primary and permanent teeth.<\/p>\r\n\r\n
The absence of pain after trauma does not necessarily mean that the tooth has not been damaged. Therefore, whenever a tooth fracture, mobility, or displacement occurs, it is recommended to consult a pediatric dentist as soon as possible.<\/p>\r\n\r\n
Remember, timely and appropriate treatment, together with regular check-ups, is one of the most important steps in protecting your child's smile.<\/p>\r\n","3":"
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\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/h3>\r\n\r\n
\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0641\u0647 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u062c\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646. \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u064a (Avulsion).<\/p>\r\n\r\n
\u0648\u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\r\n\r\n
\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0631 \u0628\u0628\u0631\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\r\n\r\n
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\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\r\n\r\n
\u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0644\u0632\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0625\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646\u061f<\/h3>\r\n\r\n
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\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628.<\/p>\r\n\r\n
\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0649. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0646\u0645\u0648 \u062c\u0630\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u062c\u0630\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646.<\/p>\r\n\r\n
\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629\u061f<\/h3>\r\n\r\n
\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0647\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0641\u0642\u0637. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\r\n\r\n
\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0631\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0639\u062f\u0648\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0629.<\/p>\r\n\r\n
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\u041e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0438\u0437 \u043d\u0430\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0451\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0439 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043c \u0437\u0443\u0431\u043e\u0432 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043b\u043e\u043c\u044b. \u0420\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043b\u043e\u043c\u0430 \u0438 \u0442\u043e, \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0442\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0438 \u0437\u0443\u0431\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u044b, \u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c \u0432 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f.<\/p>\r\n\r\n
\u041f\u0440\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043b\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0445, \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0433\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u044d\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c, \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0441\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u044f \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0448\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0438\u0434 \u0437\u0443\u0431\u0430 \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e \u044d\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u043b\u043e\u043c\u0431\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432. \u041f\u0440\u0438 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0448\u0438\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043b\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0445 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u0430\u0436\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430. \u0412 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u044f\u0445 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0449\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044c\u0448\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0447\u0443\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0435\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0443\u0431\u0430.<\/p>\r\n\r\n
\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043b\u043e\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043e \u043f\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043f\u044b, \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u043d\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b \u0438 \u043a\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u044b \u0437\u0443\u0431\u0430, \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u044b \u043b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u0421\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0435\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043f\u044b \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043c\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u0443\u0431\u043e\u0432, \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u0435\u0449\u0451 \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0451 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0435. \u0421 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u044c\u044e \u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u044f\u0445 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u044b \u043b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u0443\u0431\u0430 \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0435\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c.<\/p>\r\n\r\n
\u041b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438 \u0441\u043c\u0435\u0449\u0451\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u0443\u0431\u043e\u0432<\/h3>\r\n\r\n
\u0412 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043c\u044b \u0437\u0443\u0431\u043e\u0432 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u0445 \u043e\u043f\u043e\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0438. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0437\u0443\u0431\u0430, \u043f\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0447\u0443\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043d\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f.<\/p>\r\n\r\n
\u041f\u0440\u0438 \u043b\u0451\u0433\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u0443\u0431\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c, \u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430, \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u041e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0441\u043c\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0437\u0443\u0431\u0430 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0447\u0440\u0435\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u044b \u043b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f.<\/p>\r\n\r\n
\u0412 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u0443\u0431\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0437\u0443\u0431 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u0444\u0438\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u043a \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0437\u0443\u0431\u0430\u043c \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e \u0433\u0438\u0431\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0448\u0438\u043d\u044b. \u0428\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043e\u043f\u043e\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0438 \u0437\u0443\u0431\u0430 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0436\u0438\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0448\u0438\u043d\u044b \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u0442 \u043e\u0442 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043c\u044b.<\/p>\r\n\r\n
\u041b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u0443\u0431\u043e\u0432 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438 \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438. \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0443 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u0443\u0431\u043e\u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0431\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043a\u043e \u043a \u0437\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0442\u043a\u0430\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u0443\u0431\u043e\u0432, \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043c \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0442\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0437\u0443\u0431\u0430. \u041f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043c\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u0443\u0431\u043e\u0432 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0442\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0441\u043c\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0440\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u044f \u0438\u043d\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u0443\u0431\u0430.<\/p>\r\n\r\n
\u041b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0437\u0443\u0431\u0430<\/h3>\r\n\r\n
\u041f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u0443\u0431\u0430 \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435\u0439 \u043b\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0438 \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043c\u044b \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0438\u0437 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u044d\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u0438. \u0422\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0430\u0432\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0438\u0435\u0439.<\/p>\r\n\r\n
\u041c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434 \u043b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u0442 \u043e\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043b\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u0437\u0443\u0431 \u043c\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c.<\/p>\r\n\r\n
\u041c\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u0443\u0431\u044b \u043d\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0437\u044f \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0436\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0443 \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0438\u0441\u043a \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0442\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0437\u0443\u0431\u0430, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438.<\/p>\r\n\r\n
\u0412 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u0443\u0431\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0439\u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0443\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0443\u0431 \u0432 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043b\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0443. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0448\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u044f\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0437\u0443\u0431\u0430 \u0432 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0440\u0442\u0430. \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0448\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0430 \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u044b \u043b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441 \u0443\u0447\u0451\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u044f \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043d\u044f \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043f\u044b.<\/p>\r\n\r\n
\u041f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0437\u0443\u0431\u0430 \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043c\u044b \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043a \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0443.<\/p>\r\n\r\n
\u0422\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043b\u0438 \u043b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043c\u044b \u0437\u0443\u0431\u0430?<\/h3>\r\n\r\n
\u041d\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0430\u044f \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043c\u0430 \u0437\u0443\u0431\u0430 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432. \u041e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u043f\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043f\u0430 \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0438 \u0437\u0443\u0431\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u0441\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043c \u0443\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0432\u043e\u044e \u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0435\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c.<\/p>\r\n\r\n
\u041e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0442\u0449\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e \u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043f\u044b \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u044c\u0451\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043c \u0441\u043e \u0441\u043c\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0437\u0443\u0431\u0430, \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043b\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0432, \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0433\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043f\u0443.<\/p>\r\n\r\n
\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043f\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0435\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0438\u043d\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f, \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u043c\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u0443\u0431\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0451\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u044d\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u044b \u043b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u044f \u0437\u0443\u0431\u0430.<\/p>\r\n\r\n
\u041f\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u044b \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u044b \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043c\u044b?<\/h3>\r\n\r\n
\u041b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043c \u0437\u0443\u0431\u043e\u0432 \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0430\u043d